Issue 12 - May, 2008

www.archivaladvisor.com
In This Issue
Our Staff's Secret Talents
The First Photograph(s)
Tips & Tricks
Term of the Month
Link of the Month
                                          
 
 
Quick Links
 
 
 
 
 
Rochester Institute of Technology 
 
 
                                         
OUR STAFF'S SECRET TALENTS
Jean-Louise Bigourdan
 
Back in France, his homeland, Jean-Louis achieved degrees in chemistry, photography and art conservation-areas of interest that finally brought him to IPI. His work at IPI has focused on the effects of enclosures and microenvironments on photographic film stability and on the effects of cycling conditions on library and archives materials. But what occupies us today is Jean-Louis' extracurricular profile.
 
Jean-Louis and Kita 
enlarge 

Jean-Louis is very active and has countless interests, mostly related to nature and outdoor activities, like canoeing, photography, cycling, and skiing. His latest passion is sheep herding, and true to form, Jean-Louis has jumped in with both feet, learning everything there is to know about raising sheep and about teaching dogs to manage them.
 
Jean-Louis, Kita and the sheep

Jean-Louis is the proud owner of three dogs: an English Shepard, Poke-o named after the Poke-o-Moonshine cliff in the Adirondack Mountains (rock climbing is another of his passions) and two border collies: Kita, imported from France, and newborn Zac. It is his love for dogs that has driven Jean-Louis to put up fences, build a shelter, and acquire six ewes for his dogs to practice on. Jean-Louis loves training his dogs, learning about them, and learning about himself in the process. He says he sees himself merely as the facilitator of his dogs' natural skill and finds satisfaction in the teamwork involved in working with them. 
                                               
 
The First Photograph(s)
 

As everyone knows, photography began in 1839. Or did it? The first photograph (whose whereabouts is known today) was actually made in about 1826 by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce from a window of his house in the French countryside. The image was made on a pewter plate covered with a coating of bitumen of Judea. After exposure, Niépce washed away the unexposed area with lavender oil. He had discovered that exposure to light caused the bitumen of Judea to become insoluble in lavender oil. In 1952, the photograph was rediscovered by the photographic historian and collector Helmut Gernsheim and eventually came to rest at the Harry Ransom Center, at the University of Texas at Austin, where it is still kept today.

 

This first photograph took about 8 hours to expose! So it was not a practical solution to capturing the image of the camera obscura (an optical device and artist's tool known since at least the 11th century and a predecessor to today's cameras). It was also not the first attempt at photography. A man by the name of Thomas Wedgwood, son of the famous potter Josiah Wedgwood, experimented with photography in the 1790s, using white leather and paper coated with silver nitrate (a substance long known to darken by exposure to light). Wedgwood even had the assistance of the chemist Sir Humphry Davy but, despite all his effort, was not able to render the image insensitive to light or "fix" the image. Davy published an account of the trials in the Journal of the Royal Institution of Great Britain, and lamented, "nothing but a method of preventing the unshaded parts of the delineation from being coloured by exposure to the day is wanting, to render the process as useful as it is elegant."

 

Read more...

Tips & Tricks

How to Make Preservation Copies

If you enjoy showing and sharing precious paper memories, it's better to do it with copies of the original objects rather than the objects themselves. This saves wear and tear on the originals, which may have become fragile over the years. Copies made on good quality acid-free paper will usually be stronger and last longer than the original.

 

One way to copy is to use a traditional photocopier. Many copiers allow you to vary the exposure or size of the image when printing, and this can be very handy when you want your copy to fit in a photo album or scrapbook. If necessary, you can touch up a copy with white correction fluid or tape and then make a second copy. Never touch up the original. While you're at it, make extra copies to share with family or friends.

 

Another way to copy is to use a scanner to make an image file of the original. Software like Adobe® Photoshop® can be used to touch up the image before printing. When printing from a computer, use a pigment inkjet or laser printer (avoid dye inkjet systems for preservation purposes). If you don't want to lose the "old" look, you can find specialty papers from scrapbook or stationary stores that mimic the look of old paper.

Term of the Month
Laser printer -A printer that uses an electrophotographic process to print out digital files. The image is produced by direct scanning of a laser beam across the printer's photoreceptor. Toner is then applied and fixed by heat to the medium.
 
Link of the Month
Prints and Photographs On-line Catalog
A website of the Library of Congress
IPI Supporters
Image Permanence Institute - RIT | 70 Lomb Memorial Drive | Rochester | NY | 14623